Types of ADHD Medications
ADHD medications can reduce symptoms by improving the way that neurons transmit messages. Certain medications can increase neurotransmitters while others reduce the reuptake process.
Stimulants
Amphétamines or methylphenidates are among the most commonly used stimulants for ADHD. They can start working in as little as 20 minutes and last for approximately four hours. They are available in liquid, pill or patch forms.
Stimulants
Stimulants are the most commonly used kind of prescription medication that healthcare providers employ to treat ADHD. They work by increasing the levels of certain chemicals within the brain (neurotransmitters). These neurotransmitters aid people to concentrate, think clearly and manage their emotions. When people suffering from ADHD use stimulant medication they usually notice that their symptoms decrease. It may take some time for the doctor to find the right medication and dose for each person.
Stimulant medications can be taken in pills or liquids. They are usually taken twice or once every day. Some are immediate release, meaning they start to work immediately. Some are extended-release and operate over a longer period. The majority of stimulants prescribed by doctors to treat ADHD belong to the methylphenidate class. The most commonly prescribed methylphenidate is Adderall. Other brand names include Concerta, Ritalin and Focalin.
Amphetamines are also used to treat ADHD. However, they have a stronger amplifying effect compared to methylphenidates. In the past, these substances were used primarily by athletes, truck drivers and students as they kept them alert and awake. Amphetamines also decrease appetite and increase the heart rate and blood pressure. Some doctors will only prescribe this type of drugs to children who have severe symptoms that do not respond to other treatment options.
Atomoxetine has also been proven to be an effective medicine for treating ADHD. It works by preventing the release of the chemical noradrenaline in the brain which helps to pass messages between neurons. Atomoxetine is a drug that can be administered to teens, adults, and children over 5 years old if Lisdexamfetamine or methylphenidate aren't available. It's available as a tablet that releases immediately or a controlled-release capsule taken twice or once a day.
Tics, heart rate fluctuations and stomach upset are all possible negative effects of stimulant medications. Tics are sudden, repetitive movements or sounds like eye blinks or throat clearing. The majority of people who take stimulants do not develop Tics, however some children and teens who take them suffer from them. non stimulant adhd medication include headaches, loss in appetite, and trouble sleeping.
Medications are only part of a complete treatment plan for ADHD. Other treatments include psychotherapy, behavior therapy, skill training and lifestyle changes. These medications can be combined with these other treatments to maximize the benefits for individuals with ADHD.
Treatment for ADHD continues throughout adulthood. Many people suffering from the condition continue to need medication, behavioral therapy and/or skills training as they get older.
The National Resource Center for ADHD offers resources and information.
The FDA suggests that healthcare professionals carefully monitor patients while they are taking ADHD medication to ensure that the proper dosage is being administered and that it is having a a positive impact on the individual's symptoms. This includes regular visits with the doctor to assess for any adverse reactions or other health problems. During these appointments, a doctor will ask about other medications the patient is taking, including prescription and nonprescription medications, over-the-counter medicines and supplements, as well as herbal remedies.